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In the Spotlight

The Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Program at the University of Washington / UW Medicine

Stereotactic Body RadioTherapy (SBRT) is a specialized innovative radiation therapy technique to treat tumors almost anywhere in the body with extremely focused targeted high-dose radiation, similar to brain radiosurgery for brain tumors (for example Gamma Knife).

Many types of tumors beyond the brain can be treated with SBRT, such as lung, liver, pancreas, spine, head and neck, kidney, gynecologic, prostate, adrenal gland tumors and localized metastases, i.e. tumors that have spread from the original site to certain areas of the body (so-called oligometastases or oligoprogression).

SBRT allows the radiation oncologist to use highly focused beams of radiation – usually with a much higher targeted radiation dose for each treatment to destroy tumors than the common weeks-long daily radiation treatment courses. Because the beams are so precisely targeted, nearby healthy tissues can be better protected and at the same time, the radiation dose can be increased to destroy tumors more effectively.

SBRT is given in only a few treatments (typically 3 to 8), not the lengthy 20- to 30-day treatment courses that are commonly used for radiation therapy. SBRT lung, spine or liver tumors can allow radiation to be delivered in a way that is safer and more effective than other techniques to these regions of the body and improve treatment outcome. Because SBRT treatments give a much higher radiation dose in each treatment than conventional daily radiation treatment, additional precision and quality assurance is necessary, including very precise targeting, highly precise patient positioning, and imaging during treatment, as well as the use of techniques that allow the radiation beam to manage organ motion during treatment.

The Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Program at UW Medical Center is one of the leading SBRT programs in North America.

Our SBRT Care Team

Our team consists of several of our UW faculty radiation oncologists, radiation oncology medical physicists, radiation therapists, dosimetrists and nurses. Our UW faculty radiation oncologists and medical physicists have not only broad clinical expertise in treating our patients, but they are also internationally and nationally renowned experts and early adopters of SBRT, and have generated much of the knowledge we have today about SBRT. They continue to teach this method to others in our region and beyond.

Our dedicated SBRT workgroup, comprising radiation oncologists, radiation physicists, dosimetrists, and radiation therapists, works continuously to assure excellence in safety and quality of the SBRT process, and patient-centered care, and implement the newest techniques. SBRT requires a highly-coordinated multi-disciplinary team. We work closely with our radiologists, surgical and medical oncology colleagues in the care of our patients.

Our SBRT Education

Our UW Radiation Oncology faculty serve as frequent invited speakers, lecturers and give teaching and instructional courses in SBRT in our region and at the major international and national conferences and symposia. They serve as visiting professors at prestigious cancer centers in the US, Canada, Europe and Asia. We recently hosted the MTMI Hands-on SBRT Workshop at the University of Washington Medical Center.

Our Department’s faculty members (physicians, physicists and colleagues) have generated numerous publications to increase the knowledge and experience in the field of SBRT.

Further educational opportunities include our Advanced Image-Guided and Stereotactic Radiation Therapy Fellowship Program in the Department of Radiation Oncology. Fellows in the program will gain comprehensive experience in all aspects of stereotactic radiation therapy and hypo-fractionated ablative radiation therapy for tumors of the central nervous system and extra-cranial sites for both adult and pediatric patients. Fellows will receive comprehensive training in the full range of anatomic, functional and molecular imaging for high-precision stereotactic radiation therapy targeting. They will have opportunities to engage in translational research during a clinical development and research rotation, either within the research programs of our department, or with other investigators at the UW and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center.

Our Publications on SBRT

We have published to date 103 scientific and educational articles, 8 national practice guidelines, 31 book chapters on the topic of SBRT in various organ sites including tumors of the lung, liver, pancreas, spine, head and neck, kidney, female reproductive tract, prostate, adrenal gland, and oligometastases.

Practice Guideline publications

  1. Karam I, Yao M, Heron D, Poon I, Koyfman S, Yom S, Siddiqui F, Lartigau E, Cengiz M, Yamazaki H, Hara W, Phan J, Vargo J, Lee V, Foote L, Harter K, Lee N, Sahgal A, Lo S. Survey of current practices from the International Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Consortium (ISBRTC) for head and neck cancers. Future Oncol. 2017 Mar;13(7):603-613. doi: 10.2217/fon-2016-0403.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27842456
  2. Redmond KJ, Robertson S, Lo SS, Soltys SG, Ryu S, McNutt T, Chao ST, Yamada Y, Ghia A, Chang EL, Sheehan J, Sahgal A. Consensus Contouring Guidelines for Postoperative Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Solid Tumor Malignancies to the Spine. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2017 Jan 1;97(1):64-74. doi: 10.1016
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27843035
  3. Redmond KJ, Lo SS, Soltys SG, Yamada Y, Barani IJ, Brown PD, Chang EL, Gerszten PC, Chao ST, Amdur RJ, De Salles AA, Guckenberger M, Teh BS, Sheehan J, Kersh CR, Fehlings MG, Sohn MJ, Chang UK, Ryu S, Gibbs IC, Sahgal A. Consensus Guidelines Post-Operative Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for Spinal Metastases: Results of an International Survey. J Neurosurg Spine. 2017 Mar;26(3):299-306. doi: 10.3171/2016.8.SPINE16121.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27834628
  4. Siva S, Ellis RJ, Ponsky L, Teh BS, Mahadevan A, Muacevic A, Staehler M, Onishi H, Wersall P, Nomiya T, Lo SS. Consensus statement from the International Radiosurgery Oncology Consortium for Kidney for primary renal cell carcinoma. Future Oncol. 2016 Mar;12(5):637-45. doi: 10.2217/fon.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26837701
  5. Dagan R , Lo SS, Redmond KJ, Poon I, Foote MC, Lohr F, Ricardi U, Sahgal A. Multi-National Report on Image-Guided Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Oligometastases- Patient Selection and Follow-Up. Acta Oncol. 2016 May;55(5):633-7. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2015.1118659.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27046290
  6. Thibault I, Chang EL, Sheehan J, Ahluwalia MS, Guckenberger M, Sohn MJ, Ryu S, Foote M, Lo SS, Muacevic A, Soltys SG, Chao S, Gerszten P, Lis E, Yu E, Bilsky M, Fisher C, Schiff D, Fehlings MG, Ma L, Chang S, Chow E, Parelukar WR, Vogelbaum MA, Sahgal A. Response assessment after stereotactic body radiotherapy for spinal metastasis: a report from the SPIne response assessment in Neuro-Oncology (SPINO) group. Lancet Oncol. 2015 Dec;16(16):e595-603. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00166-7.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26678212
  7. Expert Panel on Radiation Oncology–Bone Metastases: Lo SS, Ryu S, Chang EL, Galanopoulos N, Jones J, Kim EY, Kubicky CD, Lee CP, Rose PS, Sahgal A, Sloan AE, Teh BS, Traughber BJ, Van Poznak C, Vassil AD, Wahl RL. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Metastatic Epidural Spinal Cord Compression and Recurrent Spinal Metastasis. J Palliat Med. 2015 Jul;18(7):573-84. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2015.28999.sml. Epub 2015 May 14.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 1.9)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25974663
  8. Expert Panel on Radiation Oncology–Bone Metastases: Lo SS, Lutz ST, Chang EL, Galanopoulos N, Howell DD, Kim EY, Konski AA, Pandit-Taskar ND, Rose PS, Ryu S, Silverman LN, Sloan AE, Van Poznak C. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: Spine Bone Metastases. J Palliat Med. 2013 Jan;16(1):9-19.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 1.9)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=23167547

Our Publications on SBRT: Textbooks

We published 4 landmark textbooks listed below. One of these is a highly popular textbook that is carried by most medical libraries across the globe and has had close to 38,000 chapter downloads.

(Editors: Lo SS, Teh BS, Lu JJ, Schefter TE). Medical Radiology: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Springer 2013.

(Editors: Lo SS, TehBS, Mayr NA, Machtay M). Clinical Insights: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy – Lung Cancer. E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2013.

(Editors: Lo SS, Sahgal A, Teh BS, Gerszten P, Chang EL). Clinical Insights: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy – Spinal Metastasis. E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2014.

(Editors: Sahgal A, Sheehan J, Ma L, Lo S). Image-Guided Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy (IG-HSRT). A Practical Approach to SRT For Brain And Spine Tumors. Taylor & Francis Books, Inc (UK) 2016.

Book Chapters by UW faculty in the field of SBRT

  1. Lo SS, Biswas T, Ellis RJ, Gerszten P. Radiosurgery. In: essentials of interventional cancer pain medicine (Ed: Amitabh Gulati, M.D.). Springer. 2017
  2. Lo SS, Redmond K, Mayr NA, Yuh WT, Huang Z, Chang EL, Teh BS, Sahgal A. Summary of image-guided hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (IG-HSRT): serious late toxicities and strategies to mitigate risk. In: Image-guided hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (IG-HSRT). A practical approach to SRT for brain and spine tumors. (Eds: Arjun Sahgal, Jason Sheehan, Lijun Ma, Simon Lo). Taylor & Francis Books, Inc. 2016.
  3. Hashmi A, Tanaka H, Wong S, Soliman H, Myrehaug S, Tseng CL, Lo SS, Larson D, Sahgal A, Ma L.  Spinal cord dose limits for stereotactic body radiotherapy. In: image-guided hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (IG-HSRT). A practical approach to SRT for brain and spine tumors. (Eds: Arjun Sahgal, Jason Sheehan, Lijun Ma, Simon Lo). Taylor & Francis Books, Inc. 2016.
  4. Balagamwala EH, Miller J, Angelov L, Suh JH, Lo SS, Sahgal A, Chang EL, Chao ST.  Spine stereotactic body radiotherapy for the treatment of de novo spine metastasis. In: Image-guided hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (IG-HSRT). A practical approach to SRT for brain and spine tumors. (Eds: Arjun Sahgal, Jason Sheehan, Lijun Ma, Simon Lo). Taylor & Francis Books, Inc. 2016.
  5. Mattei TA, Goulart CR, Fisher C, Gokasalan Z, Lo SS, Mendel E, Sahgal A, Guiou M. Post-operative radiosurgery and minimally invasive techniques. In: spine radiosurgery 2ed (Eds: Ryu and Gerszten). Thieme Medical Publishing. 2015
  6. Lo SS, Sahgal A, Redmond K, Mayr NA, Sohn JW, Huang Z, Teh BS, Okoye C, Sloan AE, Machtay M, Chang EL. Clinical spinal cord tolerance to radiosurgery. In: spine radiosurgery 2ed (Eds: Ryu and Gerszten). Thieme Medical Publishing. 2015.
  7. Lo SS, Sahgal S, Sohn J, Chao ST, Mayr NA, Machtay M, Chang EL. Single session spinal radiosurgery. In: controversies in stereotactic radiosurgery (Eds: Peter Gerszten, Jason Sheehan). Thieme Publisher 2014.
  8. Lo SS, Sahgal A, Chang EL. Major complications associated with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for spinal metastasis. In: AOSpine master series. 1st Volume. (Eds: Vialle, Gokaslan, Boriani and Fisher). Thieme Publisher 2014.
  9. Teh BS, Lo SS. Immobilization, target delineation and contouring of organs at risk. In: clinical insights: stereotactic body radiation therapy- spinal metastasis (Ed: Lo, Sahgal, Teh, Gerszten, Chang). E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2014.
  10. Lo SS, Sahgal A, Teh BS, Gerszten PC, Sloan AE, Chang EL. Other complications associated with spinal SBRT. In: clinical insights: stereotactic body radiation therapy- spinal metastasis (Ed: Lo, Sahgal, Teh, Gerszten, Chang). E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2014.
  11. Clinical insights: stereotactic body radiation therapy- spinal metastasis (Ed: Lo, Sahgal, Teh, Gerszten, Chang). E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2014.
  12. Lo SS, Sahgal A, Teh BS, Gerszten PC, Chang EL. Ask the experts: safe and effective delivery of SBRT for spinal metastasis. In: clinical insights: stereotactic body radiation therapy- spinal metastasis (Ed: Lo, Sahgal, Teh, Gerszten, Chang). E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2014.
  13. Myrehaug S, Lo SS, Jabbari SM, Camphausen K, Ma L, Das S, Karotki A, Chang E, Sahgal A. The management of 1 to 4 brain metastases. In: intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery 2 ed (Ed: Lunsford and Sheehan). Thieme Publisher 2014
  14. Sahgal A, Chang EL, Lo SS, Larson DA, Ma L. What is the tolerance for the spinal cord following radiosurgery: is it greater than 10 Gy? In: controversies in stereotactic radiosurgery (Eds: Peter Gerszten, Jason Sheehan). Thieme Publisher 2014.
  15. Lo SS, Sahgal A, Chao ST, Suh JH, Chang EL. Clinical applications: Epidural spinal cord compression. Clinical insights: stereotactic body radiation therapy- spinal metastasis (Ed: Lo, Sahgal, Teh, Gerszten, Chang). E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2014.
  16. Jung EW, Lo SS, Sahgal A, Chang EL, Suh JH, Balagamwala EH, Chao ST. Overview of stereotactic body radiation therapy for spinal metastasis. In: clinical insights: stereotactic body radiation therapy- spinal metastasis (Ed: Lo, Sahgal, Teh, Gerszten, Chang). E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2014.
  17. Lo SS, Teh BS, Mayr NA, Machtay M. Ask the experts: strategies to minimize complications from SBRT for lung cancer. Page 160-174. In: clinical insights: stereotactic body radiation therapy- lung cancer (Ed: Lo, Teh, Mayr, Machtay). E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2013.
  18. Lo SS, Teh BS, Lu J, Schefter T. Introduction. Page 1-8. In: Stereotactic body radiation therapy. (Eds: Simon S. Lo, Bin S. Teh, Jiade J. Lu, Tracey E. Schefter) Springer 2013.
  19. Lo SS, Sloan AE, Machtay M, Teh BS, Sahgal A, Chao ST, Chang EL. Spinal metastasis. Page 355-372. In: stereotactic body radiation therapy. (Eds: Simon S. Lo, Bin S. Teh, Jiade J. Lu, Tracey E. Schefter) Springer 2013.
  20. Lo SS, Sahgal A, Kunos C, Teh BS, Yao Min, Machtay M, Chang EL. Reported toxicities associated with stereotactic body radiation therapy. Page 373-392. In: stereotactic body radiation therapy. (Eds: Simon S. Lo, Bin S. Teh, Jiade J. Lu, Tracey E. Schefter) Springer 2013.
  21. Lo SS, Sahgal A, Ma L, Slotman B, Huang Z, Mayr NA, Kunos C, Teh BS, Machtay M, Chang EL. Normal tissue constraints. Page 393-410. In: stereotactic body radiation therapy. (Eds: Simon S. Lo, Bin S. Teh, Jiade J. Lu, Tracey E. Schefter) Springer 2013.
  22. Abboud M, Paulino A, Lo SS, Marco R, Teh BS. Bone metastasis. Page 345-354. In: stereotactic body radiation therapy. (Eds: Simon S. Lo, Bin S. Teh, Jiade J. Lu, Tracey E. Schefter) Springer 2013.
  23. Abboud M, Lo SS, Paulino A, Lehane D, Teh BS. Adrenal metastasis. Page 321-330. In: stereotactic body radiation therapy. (Eds: Simon S. Lo, Bin S. Teh, Jiade J. Lu, Tracey E. Schefter) Springer 2013.
  24. Ishiyama H, Katz A, Blanco AI, Hinojosa J, Lo SS, Ellis RJ, Xu B, Amato RJ, Butler E, Teh BS. Prostate cancer. Page 183-196. In: stereotactic body radiation therapy. (Eds: Simon S. Lo, Bin S. Teh, Jiade J. Lu, Tracey E. Schefter) Springer 2013.
  25. Teh BS, Ishiyama H, Blanco AI, Ponsky L, Lo SS, Xu B, Butler EB, Amato RJ, Ellis RJ. Renal cell carcinoma. Page 197-210. In: stereotactic body radiation therapy. (Eds: Simon S. Lo, Bin S. Teh, Jiade J. Lu, Tracey E. Schefter) Springer 2013.
  26. Huang Z, Mayr NA, Lo SS, Yuh W. Radiobiology of stereotactic body radiotherapy. Page 19-38. In: clinical insights: stereotactic body radiation therapy- lung cancer (Ed: Lo, Teh, Mayr, Machtay). E-Book. Future Medicine (London, UK) 2013
  27. Lo SS, Teh BS, Chao ST, Sahgal A, Mayr NA, Chang EL. Use of technologically advanced radiotherapy techniques for palliative patients. In: the role of radiation oncology in palliative care (Eds: Lutz, Hoskin, Chow). Wiley 2013
  28. Cho CL, Fonteyne V, DeNeve W, Lo SS, Timmerman RD. Page 363-400. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. In: Technical Basis of Radiation Therapy, 5ed. (Eds: Seymour Levitt et al.) Springer 2012.
  29. Timmerman RD, Solberg T, Kavanagh BD, Lo SS. Stereotactic techniques for lung cancer treatment. Lung cancer: principles and practice of lung cancer (Editors: Harvey Pass, M.D. et al.). LWW 2010.
  30. Lo SS, Mayr NA, Timmerman RD. Stereotactic radiation therapy for primary and metastatic and recurrent disease. In: lung cancer a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management (Editors: Kemp Kernstine, Karen Reckamp, Charles Thomas, Jr). Demos Medical Publishing 2010.
  31. Lo SS, Chang EL. Clinical spinal cord tolerance to radiosurgery. Page 23-32. In: Spine Radiosurgery (Editors: Gerszten and Ryu). Thieme 2008.

Scientific or educational articles by UW faculty in the field of SBRT

  1. Kroeze SG, Fritz C, Hoyer M, Lo SS, Ricardi U, Sahgal A, Stahel R, Stupp R, Guckenberger M.Toxicity of concurrent stereotactic radiotherapy and targeted therapies or immunotherapy: a systematic review. Cancer Treatment Reviews. Cancer Treat Rev. 2017 Feb;53:25-37. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.11.013. Review.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28056412
  2. Vickress J, Lock M, Lo S, Gaede S, Leung A, Cao J, Barnett R, Yartsev S. A multivariable model to predict survival for patients with hepatic carcinoma or liver metastasis receiving radiotherapy. Future Oncol. 2017 Jan;13(1):19-30. PMID27582002
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27582002
  3. Bowen SR, Chapman TR, Borgman J, Miyaoka RS, Kinahan PE, Liou IW, Sandison GA, Vesselle HJ, Nyflot MJ, Apisarnthanarax S. Measuring total liver function on sulfur colloid SPECT/CT for improved risk stratification and outcome prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. EJNMMI Res. 2016 Dec;6(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s13550-016-0212-9.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27349530
  4. Lock M, Malayeri AA, Mian OY, Mayr NA, Herman JM, Lo SS. CT Imaging Assessment of Post External Beam Radiation Changes of the Liver. Future Oncol. 2016 Dec;12(23):2729-2739. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27576360
  5. Apisarnthanarax S, Chia-Hsien Cheng J, Jabbour SK, Liauw SL, Murphy JD, Chang DT.   Gastrointestinal cancers-changing the standard for rectal cancer and establishing a new standard for liver tumors Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2016 Jul 1;95(3):930-6. doi: 10.1016
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27302509
  6. Jabehdar Maralani P, Lo SS, Redmond K, Soliman H, Myrehaug S, Husain ZA, Heyn C, Kapadia A, Chan A, Sahgal A. Spinal metastases: multimodality imaging in diagnosis and stereotactic body radiation therapy planning. Future Oncol. 2017 Jan;13(1):77-91.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27523190
  7. Awan M, Dorth J, Mani A, Kim H, Zheng Y, Mislmani M, Welford S, Yuan J, Wessels B, Lo S, Letterio J, Machtay M, Sloan A, Sohn J. Development and Validation of a Small Animal Immobilizer and Positioning System for the Study of Delivery of Intracranial and Extracranial Radiotherapy Using the GammaKnife System. Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment. 2016 Jul 21. pii: 1533034616658394. [Epub ahead of print]
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27444980
  8. Jabbari S, Gerszten P, Ruschin M, Lo S, Sahgal A. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for Spinal Metastases: Practice Guidelines, Outcomes, and Risks. Cancer J. 2016 Jul-Aug;22(4):280-9. doi: 10.1097
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27441748
  9. Redmond K, Lo SS, Fisher C, Sahgal A. Post-Operative Spine Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy: A Critical Review to Guide Practice. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2016 Aug 1;95(5):1414-28. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.03.027.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27479724
  10. Myrehaug S, Sahgal A, Russo S, Lo SS, Rosati LM, Mayr NA, Lock M, Small W, Dorth JA, Ellis RJ, Teh BS, Herman JM. Stereotactic body radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer- recent progress and future directions. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2016 May;16(5):523-30. doi: 10.1586
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26999329
  11. Knisely J, Sahgal A, Lo S, Ma L, Chang E.SRS/SBRT-Reflection on the Last Decade’s Achievements and Future Directions. Annals of Palliative Medicine. Ann Palliat Med. 2016 Apr;5(2):139-44. doi: 10.21037
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27121742
  12. Siva S, Daniels CP, Ellis RJ, Ponsky L, Lo SS. Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for primary kidney cancer: What have we learned from prospective trials and what does the future hold? Future Oncol. 2016 Mar;12(5):601-6. doi: 10.2217
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26837548
  13. Guckenberger M, Wilbert J, Krieger T, Richter A, Baier K, Meyer J, Flentje M. Four-Dimensional Treatment Planning for Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. 0360-3016. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Sep 1;69(1):276-85.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17707282
  14. Chen AC, Butler EB, Lo SS, Teh BS. Radiotherapy and the abscopal effect: insight from the past, present, and future. Journal of Radiation Oncology December 2015, J Radiat Oncol (2015) 4: 321. doi:10.1007/s13566-015-0223-6
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13566-015-0223-6
  15. Karam I, Poon I, Lee J, Liu S, Higgins K, Enepekides D, Sahgal A, Lo SS. Stereotactic body radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: An addition to the armamentarium against head and neck cancer. Future Oncol. 2015;11(21):2937-47. doi: 10.2217/fon.15.236. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26414213
  16. Ponsky L, Lo SS, Zhang Y, Schluchter M, Liu Y, Patel R, Abouassaly R, Welford S, Gulani V, Haaga J, Machtay M, Ellis RJ. Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for Poor Surgical Candidates with Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma. Radiotherapy & Oncology. 2015 Oct;117(1):183-7. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.08.030. Epub 2015 Sep 8.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26362723
  17. Zhang C, Mayr NA, Lo SS, Lu L, Li K, Zheng Y, Yuh W, Huang Z. The α/β Ratio Dose-range Independent:  Application of the Generalized Linear-quadratic (gLQ) Model. J Radiat Oncol (2015) 4: 309. doi:10.1007/s13566-015-0207-6
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13566-015-0207-6
  18. Lo SS, Slotman B, Lock M, Nagata Y, Guckenberger M, Siva S, Foote M, Tan D, Teh BS, Mayr NA, Chang EL, Timmerman RD, Sahgal A. The development of stereotactic body radiotherapy in the past decade: A global perspective. Future Oncol. 2015 Sep 4. [Epub ahead of print]
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26338676
  19. Yuan J, Zheng Y, Wessels B, Lo SS, Ellis R, Machtay M, Yao M. Experimental validation of Monte Carlo simulations based on a virtual source model for TomoTherapy in a RANDO phantom. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2016 Dec;15(6):796-804. Epub 2015 Sep 15.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26376697
  20. Yang F, Cao N, Young L, Howard J, Logan W, Arbuckle T, Sponseller P, Korssjoen T, Meyer J, Ford E. Validating FMEA output against incident learning data: A study in stereotactic body radiation therapy. Med Phys. 2015 Jun;42(6):2777-85. doi: 10.1118
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26127030
  21. Yeh MM, Yeung RS, Apisarnthanarax S, Bhattacharya R, Cuevas C, Harris WP, Hon TLK, Padia SA, Park JO, Riggle KM, Daoud SS. Multidisciplinary perspective of hepatocellular carcinoma: a pacific northwest experience. World J Hepatol. 2015 Jun 18;7(11):1460-83. doi: 10.4254
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=260859072015
  22. Chapman TR, Kumarapeli AR, Nyflot MJ, Bowen S, Yeung R, Vesselle H, Yeh MM, Apisarnthanarax S. Functional imaging of radiation liver injury in a liver metastasis patient: imaging and pathologic correlation. Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 6(3): E44-47, June 2015.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26029465
  23. Kunos CA, Sherertz TM, Mislmani M, Ellis RJ, Lo SS, Waggoner SE, Zanotti KM, Herrmann K, Debernardo RL. Phase I trial of carboplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy and stereotactic ablative radiosurgery for the palliative treatment of persistent or recurrent gynecologic cancer. Front Oncol. 2015 Jun 5;5:126. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00126. eCollection 2015.*
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4456851/
  24. Kang KH, Okoye CC, Patel RB, Siva S, Biswas T, Ellis RJ, Yao M, Machtay M, Lo SS. Complications from stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2015 Jun 15;7(2):981-1004. doi: 10.3390/cancers7020820.*
    http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/7/2/0820
  25. Wessel B, M.Brindle J, Cheng CW, Rhodes C, Albani D, Sohn J, Lo Simon S, Rodney J. Ellis, David B. Mansur. Retrospective Prostate treatment plan comparison for Proton, Tomotherapy, and Cyberknife Therapy. Int J Particle Ther.2015;2(2):XX–XX.
    http://www.theijpt.org/doi/pdf/10.14338/IJPT-15-00004.1
  26. Bowen SR, Saini J, Chapman TR, Miyaoka RS, Kinahan PE, Sandison GA, Wong T, Vesselle HJ, Nyflot MJ, Apisarnthanarax S. Differential hepatic avoidance radiation therapy: proof of concept in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Radiotherapy Oncology 115(2): 203-210, May 2015.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25934165
  27. Fernandes AT, Apisarnthanarax S, Yin L, Zou W, Rosen M, Plastaras JP, Ben-Josef E, Metz JM, Teo BK. Comparative assessment of liver tumor motion using cine-magnetic resonance imaging versus 4-dimensional computed tomography. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 91(5): 1034-1040, Apr 2015.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25832694
  28. Kumar R, Nater A, Hashmi A, Myrehaug S, Lee Y, Ma L, Redmond K, Lo S, Chang E, Yee A, Fisher C, Fehlings M, Sahgal A. The Era of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Spinal Metastases and the Multidisciplinary Management of Complex Cases. Neurooncol Pract (2016) 3 (1): 48-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nop/npv022
  29. Redmond K, Sahgal A, Foote M, Knisely J, Gerszten P, Chao S, Suh J, Sloan A, Chang E, Machtay M, Lo SS. Single versus multiple session stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for spinal metastasis: The risk-benefit ratio. Future Oncol. 2015;11(17):2405-15. doi: 10.2217/fon.15.160. Epub 2015 Sep 15.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26369361
  30. Lo SS, Kubicky CD, Chang EL, Sahgal A. Is there any role of stereotactic body radiotherapy in the management of metastatic epidural spinal cord compression? CNS Oncol. 2015;4(1):1-4. doi: 10.2217/cns.14.53.*
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25586420
  31. Okoye C, Patel R, Hassan S, Podder T, Khouri A, Fabien J, Zhang Y, Dobbins D, Yao M, Machtay M, Sloan A, Miller J, Lo S. Comparison of Ray Tracing and Monte Carlo Calculation Algorithms for Thoracic Spine Lesions Treated with CyberKnife-based Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2016 Feb;15(1):196-202. doi: 10.1177/1533034614568026. Epub 2015 Jan 28. *
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25633137
  32. Gandhi SJ, Liang X, Ding X, Zhu TC, Ben-Josef E, Plastaras JP, Metz JM, Both S, Apisarnthanarax S. Clinical decision tool for optimal delivery of liver stereotactic body radiation therapy: Photons versus protons. Practical Radiation Oncology Feb 2015, 10.1016/j.prro.2015.01.004. PMID:25703530.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25703530
  33. Lewis S, Porceddu S, Nakamura N, Palma D, Lo S, Hoskin P, Moghanaki D, Chmura SJ, Salama JK. An international survey of definitive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for extracranial oligometastases. Am J Clin Oncol. 2015 Feb 2. [Epub ahead of print]
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25647831
  34. Klein J, Korol R, Lo SS, Chu W, Lock M, Dorth JA, Ellis RJ, Mayr NA, Huang Z, Chung HT. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy – An Effective Local Treatment Modality for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Future Oncol. 2014 Nov;10(14):2227-41. doi: 10.2217/fon.14.167. *
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25471036
  35. Ishiyama H, Blanco A, Lo S, Butler E, Teh B. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT)/stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for “radio-resistant” renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Journal of Radiation Oncology. December 2014, Volume 3, Issue 4, pp 339–346
    http://www.discoverymedicine.com/Bin-S-Teh/2010/09/24/stereotactic-body-radiation-therapy-sbrt-for-genitourinary-malignancies/
  36. Podder T, Biswas T, Lo S, Yao M, Kim E, Zhang Y, Ellis R, Machtay M. Chest Wall and Rib Irradiation and Toxicities of Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Cyberknife Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. Future Oncol. 2014 Dec;10(15):2311-7. doi: 10.2217/fon.14.158.*
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25525841
  37. Zeng J, Baik C, Bhatia S, Mayr N, Rengan R. Combination of stereotactic ablative body radiation with targeted therapies. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Sep; e426-e434
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25186046
  38. Boimel PJ, Berman AT, Li J, Apisarnthanarax S, Both S, Lelionis K, Larson GL, Teitelbaum U, Lukens JN, Ben-Josef E, Metz JM, Plastaras JP. Proton beam reirradiation for locally recurrent pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, accepted.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26847847
  39. Thomas TO, Hasan S, Small W, Herman JM, Lock M, Kim EY, Mayr NA, Teh BS, Lo SS. The Tolerance of Gastrointestinal Organs to Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy:  What do we know so far? J Gastrointest Oncol. 2014 Jun;5(3):236-46. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2014.024.*
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=24982772
  40. M Serpa, K Baier, F Cremers, M Guckenberger, J Meyer. Suitability of markerless EPID tracking for tumor position verification in gated radiotherapy. Med Phys. 2014 Mar;41(3):031702. doi: 10.1118
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=24593706
  41. Mislmani M, Frasure H, Suppiah S, Fabien J, Lo SS, Debernardo R, Kunos CA. Acute gastrointestinal toxicity after robotic stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for treatment of metastatic gynaecological malignancies. Future Oncology 2014 Feb;10(2):241-8.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 3.2)
    http://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/abs/10.2217/fon.13.215
  42. Lo SS, Loblaw A, Chang EL, Mayr NA, Teh BS, Huang Z, Yao M, Ellis RJ,   Biswas T, Sohn JW, Machtay M, Sahgal A. Emerging applications of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Future Oncol. 2014 May;10(7):1299-310. doi: 10.2217/fon.14.13.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 3.2)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24947266
  43. Palma DA, Salama J, Lo SS, Senan S, Treasure T, Govindan R, Weichselbaum R. The Oligometastatic State: Separating Truth from Wishful Thinking. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2014 Sep;11(9):549-57. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.96. Epub 2014 Jun 24. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 15)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24958182
  44. Lo SS, Chang EL, Ryu S, Chung H, Slotman BJ, Teh BS, Sahgal A. Best of International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society Congress 2013: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) (Part I- Spinal Tumors). Future Oncology 2013 Sep;9(9):1299-302.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 3.2)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23980676
  45. Lo SS, Chang EL, Ryu S, Chung H, Slotman BJ, Teh BS, Sahgal A. Best of International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society Congress 2013: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) (Part II- Non-Spinal Tumors). Future Oncology 2013 Sep;9(9):1303-6.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 3.2)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23980677
  46. Berber B, Sanabria JR, Braun K, Yao M, Ellis RJ, Kunos CA, Sohn J, Machtay M, Teh BS, Huang Z, Mayr NA, Lo SS. Emerging role of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2013 Apr;13(4):481-7.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23560842
  47. Huang Z, Mayr NA, Yuh WT, Wang JZ, Lo SS. Re-irradiation with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy: Analysis of Human Spinal Cord Tolerance Using the Generalized Linear-Quadratic Model. Future Oncology 2013; Jun;9(6):879-87. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 3.2)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23718308
  48. Lo SS, Sahgal A, Chang EL, Mayr NA, Teh BS, Huang Z, Schefter TE, Yao M, Machtay M, Slotman BJ, Timmerman RD. Serious complications associated with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy and strategies to mitigate the risk. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2013 Jun;25(6):378-87. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2013.01.003. Epub 2013 Feb
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=23375484
  49. Ackerley EJ, Cavan AE, Wilson PL, Berbeco RI, Meyer J.“Application of a spring-dashpot system to clinical lung tumor motion data”, Med Phys. 2013 Feb; 40(2):021713. doi: 10.1118
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=23387736
  50. Suppiah S, Linden P, Robke J, Schroeder C, Min Yao M, Machtay M, Lo SS. Sublobar/ wedge resection or stereotactic body radiation therapy for stage I marginally operable non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2012; 2012 Nov; 12(11):1375-7. * (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23249103
  51. Abboud M, Teh BS, Blackmon SH, Kim M, Blanco AI, Lee DY, Santacruz JF, Paulino A, Butler EB, Mayr NA, Huang Z, Lo SS. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Medically Inoperable Early Stage Lung Cancer Patients. Clinical Pulmonary Medicine 2012; 19(6): 289-294.*
    http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/185547
  52. Guiou M, Mayr NA, Kim EY, Williams T, Lo SS. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Adrenal Metastases From Lung Cancer. Journal of Radiation Oncology 2012; 1(2): 155-163.
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13566-012-0037-8
  53. Balagamwala EH, Cherian S, Angelov L, Suh JH, Djemil T, Lo SS, Sahgal A, Chang E, Chao ST. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for the Treatment of Spinal Metastases. Journal of Radiation Oncology 2012; 1(3): 255-265.
    http://journals.lww.com/journalppo/Abstract/2016/07000/Stereotactic_Body_Radiotherapy_for_Spinal.8.aspx
  54. Berber B, Ibarra R, Snyder L, Yao M, Kunos C, Fabien J, Milano MT, Katz AW, Goodman K, Stephans K, El-Gazzaz G, Aucejo F, Miller C, Fung J, Lo SS, Machtay M, Sanabria J. Multicenter Results of Stereotactic Body RadioTherapy for Secondary Liver Tumors and Overview of the Current Literature. HPB. 2013 Jan 14. doi: 10.1111/hpb.12044. [Epub ahead of print] (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 1.94)
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1365182X15313368
  55. Shiue K, Song A, Teh BS, Ellis RJ, Yao M, Mayr NA, Huang Z, Sohn J, Machtay M, Lo SS. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for metastasis to the adrenal gland. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2012; 2012 Dec;12 (12):1613-20.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23253226
  56. Eldaya RW, Lo SS, Paulino AC, Blanco AI, Teh BS. Diagnosis and Treatment Options including Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for Adrenal Metastases. Journal of Radiation Oncology 2012; 1(1): 43-48.
    http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13566-012-0012-4
  57. Lo SS, Teh BS, Mayr NA, Chiang SB, Huang Z, Yao M, Machtay M. Imaging Follow-Up After Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) For Lung Tumors. Journal of Radiation Oncology 2012; 1(1): 11-16.*
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13566-012-0014-2
  58. Song A, Shiue K, Machtay M, Yao M, Ellis RJ, Huang Z, Mayr NA, The BS, Lo SS. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for metastasis in the lung: An undervalued treatment option with future prospects. Lung Cancer Management 2012; 1(1): 73-9.
    http://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/abs/10.2217/lmt.12.11
  59. Jhaveri PM, Teh BS, Paulino AC, Blanco AI, Lo SS, Butler EB, Amato RJ. A Dose-Response Relationship for Time to Bone Pain Resolution after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for Renal Cell Carcinoma Bony Metastases. Acta Oncol. 2012 May;51(5):584-8 (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.87)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22248089
  60. Huang Z, Mayr NA, Lo SS, Yuh WT. A Generalized Linear-Quadratic Model with Reciprocal Time of Radiation Damage Repair. Med Phys. 2012 Jan;39(1):224-30. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.9)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22225291
  61. Masucci GL, Yu E, Ma L, Chang EL, Letourneau D, Lo S, Chao S, Hyde D, Gorgulho A, Muacevic A, Larson DA, Fehlings MG, Sahgal A. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy is an Effective Treatment in Re-Irradiating Spinal Metastases: Current Status and Practical Considerations for Safe Practice. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011 Dec;11(12):1923-33. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22117159
  62. Ibarra R, Rojas D, Snyder L, Singh D, Yao M, Kunos C, Fabien J, Milano MT, Katz AW, Goodman K, Stephans K, El-Gazzaz G, Aucejo F, Miller C, Fung J, Lo SS, Machtay M, Sanabria J. Multicenter Results of Stereotactic Body RadioTherapy (SBRT) for Non-resectable Primary Liver Tumors. Acta Oncol. 2012 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of print]. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.87)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22263926
  63. Mayr NA, Huang Z, Sohn JW, Lo SS, Teh BS, Lu JJ, Grecula JC, Kunos C. Emerging Application of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy For Gynecologic Malignancies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011 Jul;11(7):1069-75* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21806330
  64. Ishiyama H, Teh BS, Lo SS, Mathews T, Blanco A, Amato R, Ellis RJ, Mayr NA, Xu B, Butler BE. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer. Future Oncol. 2011 Sep;7(9):1077-86. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 3.2)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21919695
  65. Siddiqui F, Raben D, Lu JJ, Grecula JC, Lo SS, Huang Z, Mayr NA, Teh BS, Yao M. Emerging Applications of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011 Sep;11(9):1429-36.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21929316
  66. Lo SS, Moffatt-Bruce SD, Dawson LA, Schwarz RE, Teh BS , Mayr NA, Lu JJ, Grecula JC, Olencki TE, Timmerman RD. The role of local therapy in the management of lung and liver oligometastases. Nature Review Clinical Oncology 2011 May 24;8(7):405-16.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 15)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21606970
  67. Lo SS, Teh BS, Wang JZ, Huang Z, Zook J, Price T, Mayr NA, Grecula JC, Timmerman RD, Cardenes HR. Imaging changes after stereotactic body radiation therapy for lung and liver tumors. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011 Apr;11(4):613-20.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21504327
  68. Teh BS, Ishiyama H, Mathews T, Xu B, Butler EB, Mayr NA, Lo SS, Lu JJ, Blanco AI, Paulino AC, Timmerman RD. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for genitourinary malignancies. Discov Med. 2010 Sep;10(52):255-62.* (Impact factor: 2.97)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20875347
  69. Lo SS, Teh BS, Mayr NA, Olencki TE, Huang Z, Wang JZ, Grecula JC, Lu JJ, Timmerman RD. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for oligometastases. Discov Med. 2010 Sep;10(52):247-54.* (Impact factor: 2.97)
    http://www.discoverymedicine.com/Simon-S-Lo/2010/09/24/stereotactic-body-radiation-therapy-for-oligometastases/
  70. Lo SS, Sahgal A, Mayr NA, Wang JZ, Sloan AE, Mendel E, Chang EL. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for spinal metastases. Discov Med. 2010 Apr;9(47):289-96.* (Impact factor: 2.97)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20423672
  71. Lo SS, Dawson LA, Kim EY, Mayr NA, Wang JZ, Huang Z, Cardenes HR. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Med. 2010 May;9(48):404-10.* (Impact factor: 2.97)
    http://www.discoverymedicine.com/Simon-S-Lo/2010/05/06/stereotactic-body-radiation-therapy-for-hepatocellular-carcinoma/
  72. P L Wilson and J Meyer, “A General Model of Lung Tumour Motion,” Mathematics and Industry, 15 (3), p. 1061-6, 2010
    https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-12110-4_168
  73. Hadziahmetovic M, Loo BW, Timmerman RD, Mayr NA, Wang JZ, Huang Z, Grecula JC, Lo SS. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy) for Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer – Updates of Radiobiology, Techniques, and Clinical Outcomes. Discov Med. 2010 May;9(48):411-7.* (Impact factor: 2.97)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20515609
  74. Wang JZ, Huang Z, Lo SS, Yuh WTC, Mayr NA. A Generalized Linear-Quadratic Model for Radiosurgery, SBRT and HDR Brachytherapy. Sci Transl Med. 2010 Jul 7;2(39):39ra48. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 10.8)
    http://www.discoverymedicine.com/Simon-S-Lo/2010/05/06/stereotactic-body-radiation-therapy-for-hepatocellular-carcinoma/
  75. Lo SS, Chang EL, Fakiris AJ, Mayr NA, The BS, Cardenes HR, Papiez L, McGarry RC, Timmerman RD. Stereotactic body radiation therapy-a novel cancer treatment modality. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology. 2010 Jan;7(1):44-54. Epub 2009 December 8. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 15)
    https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-12110-4_168
  76. Forquer JA, Fakiris AJ, McGarry RC, Cheung MK, Watson C, Harkenrider M, Henderson MA, Lo SS. Treatment Options for Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Patients Not Suitable for Lobectomy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2009 Oct;9(10):1443-53. Erratum in: Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2009 Dec;9(12):1876. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20515609
  77. Quick AM, Lo SS, Mayr NA, Kim EY. Radiation Therapy for Intrahepatic Malignancies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2009 Oct;9(10):1511-21.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19828012
  78. Forquer JA, Fakiris AJ, Timmerman RD, Lo SS, Perkins SM, McGarry RC, Johnstone PAS. Brachial Plexopathy From Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Early-Stage NSCLC: Dose-Limiting Toxicity in Apical Tumor Sites. Radiother Oncol. 2009 Dec;93(3):408-13. Epub 2009 May 18. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 4.5)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19454366
  79. Lo SS, Fakiris AJ, Teh BS, Cardenes HR, Henderson MA, Forquer JA, Papiez L, McGarry RC, Wang JZ, Li K, Mayr NA, Timmerman RD. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for oligometastasis. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2009 May;9(5):621-35. Review. Erratum in: Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2009; 9(9):1348.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1586/era.09.15?journalCode=iery20
  80. Lo SS, Cardenes HR, Teh BS, Fakiris AJ, Henderson MA, Papiez L, McGarry RC, Wang JZ, Li K, Mayr NA, Timmerman RD. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Non-Pulmonary Primary Tumors. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2008 Dec;8(12):1939-51. Erratum in: Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2009 Jun;9(6):862.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3425528/
  81. Lo SS, Fakiris AJ, Papiez L, Abdulrahman R, McGarry RC, Henderson MA, Timmerman RD. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2008;8(1):87-98.* (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.1)
    http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1586/14737140.8.1.87?journalCode=iery20
  82. A Richter, K Baier, J Meyer, J Wilbert, T Krieger, M Flentje and M Guckenberger, “Influence of increased target dose inhomogeneity on margins for breathing motion compensation in conformal stereotactic body radiotherapy,” BMC Medical Physics 8:5, 2008
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2637830
  83. Lo SS, Fakiris AJ, Abdulrahman R, Suh JH, Timmerman RD. The Role of Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Pediatric Brain Tumors. Expert Rev Neurother 2008;8(1):121-32.*(ISI 2012 Impact factor: 2.96)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18088205
  84. Wilson PL, Meyer J. A spring-dashpot system for modelling lung tumour motion in radiotherapy. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, 11(1), p. 13-26, 2010
    https://www.hindawi.com/journals/cmmm/2010/703504/abs/
  85. Wilbert J, Meyer J, Baier K, Guckenberger M, Herrmann C, Heß R, Janka C, Ma L, Mersebach T, Richter A,Roth M, Schilling K, Flentje M. Tumor tracking and motion compensation with an Adaptive Tumor Tracking System (ATTS): System description and prototype testing, Medical Physics, 35(9): p. 3911-3921,  2008
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18841842
  86. Hoopes DJ. Tann M, McGarry R, Lo SS, Timmerman R. FDG-PET and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for Stage I Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Lung Cancer. 2007;56(2):229-34. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 3.4)
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169500206006453
  87. Meyer J, Wilbert J, Baier K, Guckenberger M, Richter A, Sauer O, Flentje M. Positioning accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography in combination with a HexaPOD robot treatment table. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 67:1220-8, 2007
    http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0031-9155/54/24/002/meta
  88. Guckenberger M, Meyer J, Wilbert J, Baier K, Bratengeier K, Vordermark D, Flentje M. Precision required for dose-escalated treatment of spinal metastases and implications for image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). Radiother Oncol, 84: p.56-63, 2007
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17561294
  89. Guckenberger M, Meyer J, Wilbert J, Baier K, Sauer O, Flentje M. Precision of Image-Guided Radiotherapy (IGRT) in Six Degrees of Freedom and Limitations in Clinical Practice. Strahlenther Onkol , 183(6): p. 307-313, 2007
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17520184
  90. Guckenberger M, Meyer J, Wilbert J, Richter A, Baier K, Mueller G, Flentje M. Intra-fractional uncertainties in cone-beam CT based image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) of pulmonary tumors. Radiother Oncol, 83(1): p.57-64, 2007
    http://www.thegreenjournal.com/article/S0167-8140(07)00027-8/abstract
  91. Guckenberger M, Wilbert J, Meyer J, Baier K, Richter A, Flentje M. Is a single respiratory correlated 4D-CT study sufficient for evaluation of breathing motion? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Apr 1;67(5):1352-9.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17394941
  92. Meyer J, Richter A, Baier K, Wilbert J, Guckenberger M, Flentje M. Tracking moving objects with megavoltage portal imaging: a feasibility study. Med Phys. 2006 May;33(5):1275-80.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16752562
  93. Guckenberger M, Meyer J, Vordermark D, Baier K, Wilbert J,Flentje M. Magnitude and clinical relevance of translational and rotational patient setup errors: A cone-beam CT study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 65:934-42, 2006
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360301606003671
  94. Meyer J, Baier K, Wilbert J, Guckenberger M, Richter A, Flentje M. Three-dimensional spatial modelling of the correlation between abdominal motion and lung tumour motion with breathing. Acta Oncol. 2006;45(7):923-34.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16982559
  95. Guckenberger M, Meyer J, Wilbert J, Baier K, Mueller G, Wulf J, Flentje M. Cone-beam CT based image-guidance for extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy of intrapulmonary tumors. Acta Oncol. 2006;45(7):897-906.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16982556
  96. Dhami G, Zeng J, Vesselle HJ, Kinahan PE, Miyaoka RS, Patel SA, Rengan R, Bowen SR. Framework for radiation pneumonitis risk stratification based on anatomic and perfused lung dosimetry. Dhami G, et al. Strahlenther Onkol. 2017 Mar 2. doi: 10.1007/s00066-017-1114-0.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28255667
  97. Vickress J, Lock M, Lo S, Yartsev S. Potential benefit of rotational radiation therapy. Future Oncol. 2017 Jan 9. doi: 10.2217/fon-2016-0535.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28067056
  98. Lo SS, Rodrigues GB, Lock M, Palma DA. Re: In Regard to Parikh et al. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. Nov. 2014; 90(3):716-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.07.011
    http://www.redjournal.org/article/S0360-3016(14)03490-7/abstract
  99. Lo SS, Huang Z, Yuh W, Mayr NA. Stereotactic ablative therapy and the central chest: in regard to Oskan. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. Aug 2014; 89(5):1143. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.04.035. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 4.5)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25035225
  100. Lo SS, Wang JZ, Radawski JD, Mayr NA. Reporting of true spinal cord dose is encouraged for stereotactic body radiation therapy for spinal tumors. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. Sep 2010; 78(1): 314. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 4.5)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20708487
  101. Lo SS, Fakiris AJ, Wang JZ, Mayr NA. In regard to Hoppe et al. (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008;72: 1283-1286) International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 2009; 74 (3); 977. (ISI 2012 Impact factor: 4.5)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19480981
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    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28303210
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Our SBRT Research

We are continuously working to further improve SBRT techniques through our research and development. One of our research areas is to develop strategies to mitigate the risk of complications while providing ever better tumor control.

Get in Touch

For more information about the Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Program at the University of Washington / UW Medicine, contact us at 206-598-4100.